Do you want to know your ovarian age?                                                                                                                                                                           ————Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) will tell you       As time passes by, women start to show symptoms associated with aging, such as facial sagging, dull skin, forgetfulness, dreaminess, insomnia and irritability. All of these may be result from the fact that your ovaries are slowly aging. Ovarian reserve function is an important indicator of female reproductive ability, which refers to the potential of the ovaries to produce the number and quality of eggs, and indirectly reflects the function of the ovaries. As age increases, the number of follicles decreases accordingly. Studies have found that the follicle density of women over 35 years old significantly decreases, and women over 40 years old experience a sharp decline in follicle number. When the ovarian reserve is completely consumed, women enter menopause[1].     Clinical indicators such as hormone testing, ovarian dynamics testing, follicle-stimulating hormone, ovarian and antral follicle ultrasound testing are commonly used to evaluate ovarian reserve function. However, these indicators have requirements for testing time or operational experience. The detection of AMH can effectively solve these problems and become the most direct testing method of ovarian reserve function.     What is AMH?     AMH is a glycoprotein hormone structurally related to inhibin and activin from the transforming growth factor beta superfamily, whose key roles are in growth differentiation and folliculogenesis. AMH expression is critical to sex differentiation at a specific time during fetal development, and appears to be tightly regulated by nuclear receptor SF-1, transcription GATA factors, sex-reversal gene DAX1, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)[2]. The more small antral follicles in the ovaries, the higher the concentration of AMH;likewise, as follicles are gradually consumed with age and various factors, AMH concentration will also decrease. By the time of the menopause, the concentration of AMH gradually decreases to zero. Therefore, examining AMH can effectively assess the "age" of the ovaries.         Applications of AMH     n AMH is a good indicator for evaluating ovarian reserve function and is ...

Tragic! A mother passed away from heat stroke as she selflessly gave the fan to her child on a hot summer day!According to a recent news report in Zhejiang, China, a woman in her thirties suffered from severe heat stroke. On a scorching day, she didn't turn on the air conditioner at home and gave the fan to her child. By the time her family realized she wasn’t well enough and took her to the hospital, she had already fallen into a deep coma. Despite of all doctors' efforts, nothing the doctors could do to help.     The weather is heating up, and as the temperature rises, so does the risk of heat stroke. We aren't talking about simply feeling hot, or uncomfortable, or sweating excessively. Heat stroke is life threatening emergency!   01. What is Heat Stroke?   Heat stroke, also known as severe heat exhaustion, is a life-threatening clinical syndrome caused by an imbalance between heat production and heat dissipation in the body due to exposure to a hot environment or intense physical activity. It is characterized by a core temperature higher than 40°C, along with symptoms such as burning sensation of skin, altered mental status (such as delirium, seizures, or coma), and multi-organ system injury.       Heat stroke can be divided into classic heat stroke (CHS) and exertional heat stroke(EHS).It is categorized as classic when it results from passive exposure to extreme environmental heat and as exertional when it develops during strenuous exercise. Exertional heatstroke affects predominantly young and healthy individuals.   02. Epidemiological Characteristics of Heat Stroke       Of all extreme weather conditions, heat is the most deadly. It kills more people in the U.S. in an average year than hurricanes, tornadoes and floods combined. According to data from abroad, the incidence of classic heat stroke during the summer heatwave is (17.6~26.5) per 100,000 population, with a hospital mortality rate of 14%~65% and an ICU patient mortality rate of >60%. Patients with exertional heat stroke accounted for 8.6%~18% of those with heat-related illnesses, and the mortality rate is >30% when combined with hypotension. Additionally, classic heat stroke has a higher mortality rate, which may be related to underlying pre-existing diseases.   03. Prevention Measures for Heat Stroke       04. Diagnostic Methods of Heat Stroke    Medical history information:   ① Exposure to high temperature and high humidity environment;② High-intensity exercise.   Clinical Features: ① Central nervous system dysfunction (such as coma, seizures, delirium, abnormal behavior, etc.);② Increased skin temperature or sustained sweating&nb...

Heat Stroke Can Sneak up on You —— Know for Your Family Tragic! A mother passed away from heat stroke as she selflessly gave the fan to her child on a hot summer day! According to a recent news report in Zhejiang, China, a woman in her thirties suffered from severe heat stroke. On a scorching day, she didn't turn on the air conditioner at home and gave the fan to her child. By the time her family realized she wasn’t well enough and took her to the hospital, she had already fallen into a deep coma. Despite of all doctors' efforts, nothing the doctors could do to help. The weather is heating up, and as the temperature rises, so does the risk of heat stroke. We aren't talking about simply feeling hot, or uncomfortable, or sweating excessively. Heat stroke is life threatening emergency!  

    As of November 20 of this year, a total of 52,807 laboratory-confirmed dengue cases and 230 associated deaths have been reported in Bangladesh this year, with a case fatality rate of 0.44%. Although dengue is a common endemic disease in Bangladesh, a surge in cases since June 2022 remains unusual.  Several studies suggest that this year's high incidence of dengue cases is occurring against a backdrop of unusual rainfall since June 2022, accompanied by high temperatures and high humidity, leading to an increase in mosquito populations across Bangladesh.   Dengue fever is an acute systemic infectious disease caused by the bite of a female mosquito carrying the Dengue virus (DENV)[1]. Dengue fever infects approximately 390 million people annually and affecting more than 120 countries, most severely in Africa, the Americas, Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific [2]. The spread of Dengue fever is now spreading to temperate and cold zones and higher altitudes as global warming increases, and the prevalence of serotypes is changing. Dengue fever has become a significant public health problem, and the increasing geographical spread of the virus, the number of cases and the severity of the disease pose a global threat to human health and socioeconomics [3].   1. Serotype   2. Vectors DENV is transmitted by two mosquito vectors, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus [8]. DENV can be transmitted vertically. Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus prefer temperate climates. Domestic water storage and decorative plant containers, waste food and drink containers, drains, and buildings under construction are preferred sites for Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus to live and breed. One of the current measures to contain DF is to control the DENV vector by eliminating or managing the larval environment and using biological agents and insecticides to kill the larvae [9].   3. Global Epidemiology Resource：Healthdirect   Dengue fever is endemic in many countries in Southeast and South Asia, with incidences occurring throughout the year and showing clear seasonal peaks. Since June 2022, Pakistan has been hit by massive floods. The floods provided a habitat for mosquitoes to breed, and the aftermath made mosquito-borne infections susceptible to outbreaks or epidemics. September saw a surge in Dengue cases in Pakistan, with 19,190 new cases, accounting for 74% of the annual total. Throughout 2022, the cumulative number of Dengue cases in Pakistan has significantly exceeded the level of the same period in the previous four years [10]. The risk of further spread in Pakistan is high due to heavy rains and flooding, which have damaged many health facilities and displaced 7.9 million people. In Nepal, the number of Dengue cases has risen since the onset of the rainy season in July, with 23 156 new cases in September, accounting for 84% of the annual total. In Bangladesh, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare ...

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